John B. Calhoun’s “Universe 25” experiment: The consequences of overpopulation

John B. Calhoun conducted an experiment known as “Universe 25” with mice in a utopian environment with unlimited resources. Initially, the mice thrived and rapidly reproduced. As the population grew, social structures began to collapse, resulting in aggressive behavior, social isolation, and withdrawal from normal activities. The mice stopped socializing and reproducing, while the mortality…

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